Avaliacao Da Covid-19 Em Pacientes Com Leucemia Mieloide Cronica

Objetivos: Avaliar a incidencia e evolucao clinica da COVID-19 em pacientes com LMC, o comportamento dos pacientes com LMC (isolamento social) durante a pandemia e os fatores de risco (contato e comorbidades) para COVID-19. Avaliar o efeito das vacinas e possiveis reacoes adversas nessa populacao. Material e Metodos: Estudo do tipo registro, observacional, prospectivo. Foram avaliados pacientes com LMC de dois centros. Foram respondidos dois questionarios durante a pandemia, em intervalos de 6 meses, onde foram coletados dados referentes ao quadro de COVID-19, sintomas, isolamento social, contato com individuos infectados, comorbidades, gravidade da COVID-19, tratamento e vacinacao. O historico do tratamento da LMC e outros dados clinicos e laboratoriais foram obtidos dos prontuarios medicos. Resultados: Entre setembro de 2020 e fevereiro de 2022, foram incluidos 243 pacientes no estudo: 47 (19,3%) tiveram diagnostico confirmado de COVID-19 e 11 (4,5%) tiveram quadro clinico suspeito. 211 (86,8%) estavam em uso de inibidores de tirosina quinase, 28 (11,5%) em descontinuacao do tratamento e 4 (0,02%) em uso de hidroxiureia. Houve um pico de casos de COVID-19 em dezembro de 2020, em marco e junho de 2021 e em janeiro de 2022. Dentre os casos confirmados de COVID-19, 42 (89,4%) foram leves, 3 (6,4%) moderados (com hospitalizacao) e 2 (4,3%) grave (com admissao em UTI ou obito). Um obito por COVID-19 foi constatado em uma paciente que faleceu antes de responder ao questionario, totalizando 3 obitos: uma paciente com 67 anos, diabetica, hipertensa e cardiopata;um paciente de 70 anos, hipertenso;e uma paciente de 81 anos, hipertensa e com hipotireoidismo. Todos os obitos ocorreram em pacientes nao vacinados. Ate fevereiro de 2022, 168 pacientes haviam recebido imunizacao para COVID-19 (107 Oxford/AstraZeneca, 51 CoronaVac, 8 Pfizer, 2 Janssen), sendo que 66 tiveram alguma reacao adversa (19 tiveram dor de cabeca, 26 tiveram febre e 55 tiveram algum outro tipo de reacao). Um paciente foi infectado pelo SARS-CoV-2 apos a aplicacao de duas doses da vacina, apresentando sintomas leves. A mediana de idade dos pacientes com COVID-19 foi menor do que a do grupo nao infectado/suspeito (48 anos vs. 58 anos) (p=0,002). A taxa de isolamento social foi menor no grupo infectado (p=0,002) e houve mais casos de COVID-19 em pacientes que tiveram contato com individuos infectados (p<0,001). Nao houve diferenca em relacao ao sexo, comorbidades e tipo de tratamento da LMC entre os infectados e nao infectados. Discussao: Esse estudo avaliou dados da COVID-19 em pacientes com LMC referentes a primeira e segunda onda, sendo que a maioria apresentou manifestacoes leves, com taxa de mortalidade (6,3%) inferior a outras neoplasias hematologicas. Os pacientes com faixa etaria mais jovem foram os mais expostos, sendo a taxa de casos confirmados maior nessa populacao. Menor taxa de isolamento social e contato com individuos infectados favoreceram a contaminacao por COVID-19 nessa populacao, que apresentava menos comorbidades. Conclusoes: A mortalidade da COVID-19 na LMC foi menor do que a observada em outras neoplasias hematologicas. Maior exposicao a individuos contaminados, menor faixa etaria e menor taxa de isolamento social favoreceu a contaminacao. Nao houve reacoes adversas graves as vacinas contra a COVID-19. Todos os obitos ocorreram em pacientes nao vacinados. Copyright © 2022

SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF THYMIC PEPTIDES IN THE TREATMENT OF HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS IN HONDURAS.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) active cases continue to demand the development of safe and effective treatments. This is the first clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral thymic peptides. ; We conducted a nonrandomized phase 2 trial with a historic control group to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a daily 250-mg oral dose of thymic peptides in the treatment of hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Comparisons based on standard care from registry data were performed after propensity score matching. The primary outcomes were survival, time to recovery, and number of participants with treatment-related adverse events or side effects by day 20. ; A total of 44 patients were analyzed in this study: 22 in the thymic peptide group and 22 in the standard care group. There were no deaths in the intervention group compared to 24% mortality in standard care by day 20 (log-rank P=0.02). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly shorter time to recovery by day 20 in the thymic peptide group than in the standard care group (median, 6 days vs. 12 days; hazard ratio for recovery, 2.75 [95% confidence interval, 1.34 to 5.62]; log-rank P=0.002). No side effects or adverse events were reported. ; In patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the use of thymic peptides resulted in no side effects, adverse events, or deaths by day 20. Compared with the registry data, a significantly shorter time to recovery and mortality reduction were measured.

COVID-19 - RESULTADOS DE QUESTIONÁRIOS APLICADOS EM PACIENTES COM LEUCEMIA MIELOIDE CRÔNICA DURANTE A PANDEMIA

Objetivos: Avaliar a incidência e evolução clínica da COVID-19 em pacientes com leucemia mieloide crônica (LMC) acompanhados em dois centros. Materiais e métodos: Estudo prospectivo, observacional, em andamento. Os pacientes responderam a dois questionários com 6 meses de intervalo. Foram incluídas perguntas relacionadas a sintomas, comorbidades, incidência e suspeita de COVID-19, contatos com pessoas infectadas, comportamento durante a pandemia, gravidade da infecção e vacinação. Cada questionário avaliou dados referentes aos últimos 6 meses. Adicionalmente, foram obtidos dados clínicos, laboratoriais e de tratamento dos prontuários médicos.Os dados foram coletados e armazenados no sistema REDCap. Resultados: Entre setembro de 2020 e julho de 2021, 225 pacientes responderam ao primeiro questionário e 121 também responderam ao segundo. Dos analisados, 127 (56,4%) eram homens. A mediana de idade 56,5 anos (19-90). A maioria estava em tratamento com inibidores de tirosina quinase (88.5%) e 11.5% sem tratamento, em protocolo de descontinuação. 80% dos pacientes realizaram distanciamento social e 30% dos avaliados tiveram algum familiar ou contato próximo com COVID-19. Nos 6 meses anteriores à aplicação do primeiro questionário, 49 (21,9%) tiveram sintomas respiratórios, 30 (13,4%) febre, 7 (3,1%) pneumonia e 45 (20,1%) falta de ar ou tosse seca. Comorbidades: 79 (35,6%) hipertensão, 34 (15,3%) diabetes, 15 (6,8%) insuficiência renal, 13 (5,9%) doença pulmonar, 37 (16,7%) cardiopatia e 43 (19,4%) outra doença crônica. No total, 28 (12,4%) pacientes foram diagnosticados com COVID-19, enquanto 10 foram suspeitos. A mediana de idade foi 47 anos, 67,9% eram homens;10 (37,0%) não estavam respeitando o distanciamento social. 36% tinham comorbidades: 12% diabetes, 28% hipertensão, 4% insuficiência renal, 24% cardiopatia e 12% outra doença crônica. 12 tiveram algum familiar ou contato próximo diagnosticado com COVID-19. Vinte e seis (92%) pacientes tiveram forma leve, sem necessidade de internação, um paciente de 71 anos em uso de nilotinibe e em RMM teve quadro grave, com óbito. 27 pacientes estavam na fase crônica e um em fase acelerada. Treze apresentavam resposta molecular maior, um resposta hematológica, 4 resposta citogenética completa, 3 MR4.0 e 7 MR4.5. Tratamento vigente: imatinibe (16), dasatinibe(5), nilotinibe (5) e um sem tratamento. Houve um caso de reinfecção. Até o momento, 84 (37%) dos pacientes receberam vacinas para a COVID-19 (32 CoronaVac, 51 Oxford/AstraZeneca e um da Pfizer). Dentre os pacientes vacinados, 22 apresentaram reações adversas: 8 apresentaram febre, 6 dor de cabeça e 20 outros (dores no corpo, calafrios ou dores no local da injeção). Discussão: Pacientes com neoplasias hematológicas tem quadro mais grave e maior mortalidade associada a COVID-19. Na LMC a mortalidade parece ser levemente superior à da população geral, com pior evolução nas fases mais avançadas e em pacientes com comorbidades. Tivemos um caso de óbito e um de reinfecção, onde não podemos descartar a hipótese de uma variante. Conclusão: A incidência de COVID-19 na população de LMC estudada foi de 12,4%, mais frequente em homens, com menor mediana de idade e menor taxa de isolamento social, com predomínio de casos leves e moderados. Todos os casos descritos ocorreram antes da vacinação.

A Survey Conducted during COVID-19 Pandemic Among Brazilian Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Patients

Introduction: COVID-19 has severely affected the Brazilian population. By July 2021, the incidence was 19,9 million cases and 556.000 deaths. Recent studies suggest that patients with MPN have higher infection and death rates than the general population. Older age and comorbidities are risk factors for severe COVID-19 in CML and MPN. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and clinical evolution of COVID-19 in a cohort of CML and MPN Brazilian patients. Methods This is a prospective, observational, ongoing study. All patients signed informed consent and answered two structured questionnaires within a six months interval. The questionnaire included questions about patient's behavior during pandemic, symptoms, contacts, COVID-19 infection, and vaccination data in the last six months. In addition, demographic data, CML and NMP treatment, comorbidities, laboratory tests, COVID severity, and outcome were collected from the medical records. Results From September 2020 to July 2021, 370 patients answered the first questionnaire, and 153 answered the second: 225 with CML and 145 with MPN (45% essential thrombocythemia, 27.6%, polycythemia vera, 23% myelofibrosis, and 4.8% not classified). In the CML population, the median age was 56 (19-90). Most were receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (88,5%) and 26 (11,5%) no treatment, in treatment-free remission (TFR). 80% of the patients were practicing social distancing, and 30% had at least one family member or close contact diagnosed with COVID-19. Comorbidities: hypertension (35%), diabetes (14%), pulmonary disease (6%), cardiac disease (16%), renal disease (7%), other (18%). A total of 28/225 (12.4%) patients had confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis (by serology or PCR), while 10 were suspect. The median age was 47 years, 68% were male, and 41% were not respecting social distancing. Thirty-five percent had comorbidities: 25% hypertension;68% had a history of close contact with an infected person. One patient was in the accelerated phase, and 27 were in the chronic phase;4 had a complete cytogenetic response, 13 major molecular response (MMR), 3 MR4.0, and 7 MR4.5. COVID-19 was mild/moderate in 27 and in severe in one case, resulting in death. This patient was a male, 71-year-old, with hypertension, in MMR with nilotinib. At COVID-19 onset, 16 pts were receiving imatinib, five dasatinib;five nilotinib e 2 were in TFR. There was one reinfection, in a 54 years old male patient, with no comorbidities. To date, 84 (37%) patients (pts) have received vaccines against COVID-19: 32 CORONAVAC (Sinovac/Butantan), 51 ChAdOx1nCov-19-Covishield (Astrazeneca/Oxford), and one BNT162 (Pfizer). All COVID-19 cases occurred before vaccination. Among the 145 MPN pts, the median age was 67 years (29-90), and 86% had comorbidities (52% hypertension, 17.5% diabetes, and 13% cardiac diseases). Social distancing was 83%. Nine out of 145 (6.2%) had confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, and 3% suspect. The median age of these pts was 43 years (28-80). Seven patients had ET and 2 PV. Seven were female. Four pts received Hydroxyurea (HU) and aspirin, four aspirin, one HU, and one no treatment. There were seven mild and two moderate cases requiring hospitalization, none requiring oxygen or mechanical ventilation, none with thrombosis. Two COVID cases occurred after the first dose of vaccines (CORONAVAC and Covishield). In the whole MPN group, 11% have received two doses (57% CORONAVAC, 40% Covishield, and 3.6% BNT 162). Conclusions COVID-19 cases occurred more frequently in younger patients. COVID-19 incidence was higher in the CML than in the MPN population, probably because MPN patients were less exposed, and the older pts were the first to receive vaccines. The impact of the vaccination on the prevention of new cases will be evaluated during the follow-up. Disclosures: Bortolini: Novartis: Speakers Bureau. Pagnano: Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau;Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau;intpharma: Other: Lecture;EMS: Other: Lecture;Jansenn: Other: Lecture.

[Impact of hygienic and social distancing measures against SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory infections caused by other viruses]. / Impacto de las medidas higiénicas y de distanciamiento social frente al SARS-CoV-2 sobre las infecciones respiratorias causadas por otros virus.

OBJECTIVE: To control the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the implementation of social and hygienic confinement measures was determined in all countries. These measures reduce the circulation of most respiratory viruses that are transmitted preferentially by air and contact. METHODS: The impact of these measures on non-Covid respiratory viruses during the period August-December 2020 and 2019 has been comparatively analyzed. To all nasopharyngeal aspirates that were negative against SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and the suspicion of acute respiratory infection persisted, were subjected to a new RT-PCR that simultaneously and differentially amplifies 21 different respiratory viruses. RESULTS: In the year of the pandemic, a 36.6% decrease was detected in the number of respiratory samples studied and 66% in their positivity in relation to 2019. All viruses showed reduction percentages of between 40-100%. The only viruses that circulated during and after national lockdown were rhinovirus (74.1%), adenovirus (10.1%), and enterovirus (9.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The measures used to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection have also affected the community circulation of most respiratory viruses including influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.

Ultrasound-guided fascial plane blocks as unique anesthetic technique for total mastectomy in a covid-19 era: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Regional anesthesia techniques were recently introduced to provide analgesia for breast surgery. These techniques are rarely used as the primary anesthesia due to the complexity of breast innervation, with numerous structures that can potentially be disrupted during breast surgery. CASE REPORT: A female patient in her sixties diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma on her left breast was scheduled for a simple mastectomy. After anesthetic evaluation, identification of high risk perioperative cardiovascular complications, it was proposed to perform the surgery only with regional anesthesia. A combination of pectoral nerve block (Pecs II), pecto-intercostal fascial block (PIFB) and supraclavicular nerve block ultrasound-guided were successfully performed. CONCLUSION: This is the first case reporting a novel approach in a patient with severe cardiopulmonary disease who underwent breast surgery in a COVID-19 era.

[Ultrasound-guided fascial plane blocks as unique anesthetic technique for total mastectomy in a covid-19 era: a case report]. / Bloqueos del plano fascial ecoguiados, como única técnica anestésica para mastectomía total en la era de la COVID-19: caso clínico.

INTRODUCTION: Regional anesthesia techniques were recently introduced to provide analgesia for breast surgery. These techniques are rarely used as the primary anesthesia due to the complexity of breast innervation, with numerous structures that can potentially be disrupted during breast surgery. CASE REPORT: A female patient in her sixties diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma on her left breast was scheduled for a simple mastectomy. After anesthetic evaluation, identification of high risk perioperative cardiovascular complications, it was proposed to perform the surgery only with regional anesthesia. A combination of pectoral nerve block (Pecs II), pecto-intercostal fascial block (PIFB) and supraclavicular nerve block ultrasound-guided were successfully performed. CONCLUSION: This is the first case reporting a novel approach in a patient with severe cardiopulmonary disease who underwent breast surgery in a COVID-19 era.

Characteristics and perceptions of telerehabilitation consultations by neuropediatric physical therapists during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought a strong discussion about telerehabilitation, especially in countries where its practice was not allowed previous the pandemic. In the neuropediatric rehabilitation field evidence of the effectiveness of this modality of assistance and data about provider and family’s perceptions are scarce. Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of telerehabilitation physical therapy consultations for children with neurological diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic and report the perceptions of physical therapists about this modality of assistance. Methods: An online survey was created and administered to Brazilian neuropediatric physical therapists. The survey consisted of demographics data, questions about the characteristics of telerehabilitation consultations, and physical therapists’ perception of telerehabilitation assistance. Results: From July to September 2020, 394 physical therapists responded to the questionnaire. The most of them took 21 to 30 minutes per telemonitoring session (26.9%), offered one session per week (61.0%), and used electronic messages as the main method of delivery (39.9%). The main difficulty reported was caregivers’ lack of understanding about handling during sessions (41.2%) and problems with internet connection (16.7%). Additionally, most of them reported that it is highly important important to provide healthcare via telerehabilitation to the economically disadvantaged. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide insight into the complex and challenging process of telerehabilitation assistance during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the reported challenges, telerehabilitation can be an opportunity to better understand children’s activities and participation in home context. © 2022. All Rights Reserved.